From mixed signals to magmatic systems: satellite measurements of volcanism

Satellite imagery provides a unique window into volcano and magmatic processes, providing potentially global measurements of deformation, degassing and thermal emissions. These measurements illuminate stages of magmatism spanning from pluton growth, to landscape formation to the environmental impact of volcanic eruptions. Satellite radar measurements, in particular, capture processes associated with the movement of magma in the Earth’s crust and can play a role in forecasting the development of unrest and duration of eruptions. I will discuss efforts to automate processing and analysis, required by the recent order of magnitude increase in freely available, systematically acquired satellite imagery. This involves the application of signal processing methods such as source separation and unsupervised classification, and is also a powerful tool for distinguishing between superimposed geophysical processes. My research focuses on how to extract volcanologically useful parameters from satellite imagery, and I will present case studies of effusion rate estimation, characterisation of eruption volume from vegetation impacts and the impact of rheology on displacements.