Although several aspects surrounding the early evolution of our Solar System remain shrouded in mystery, the Moon has recorded on its well-preserved and ancient surface much of the history of our Solar System. With accessibility and data returned from orbital and landed spacecraft, the Moon has a unique role in understanding and constraining the evolution of the planets in our Solar System, as well as the timing of its many major events. In this talk, I attempt to unravel some of the mysteries of the Moon from its surface down to its core, to reveal a new understanding of the Moon, the Earth, and the Solar System.