Interest in the effect of climate change on major demographic processes is burgeoning. While our understanding of the linkages between climate, mortality, and migration are relatively well developed, the effects of rising temperatures on human fertility rates are not. In this lecture, Dr. Wilde will discuss this research area, its history and development, and how he and his coauthors are filling knowledge gaps in this field. He will not only focus on the overall effects of climate change on fertility, but will also outline what is known about the mechanisms which drive the link between temperature and birthrates. Importantly, he will focus on where our understanding is still limited, providing a roadmap for future researchers to follow.