The chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor I (COUP-TFI, also known as Nr2f1) is an orphan nuclear receptor belonging to the superfamily of steroid/thyroid hormone receptors. COUP-TFI acts as a pleiotropic factor in brain development, including a role in the control of embryonic neural stem cell potential and in the regulation of neuronal migration/maturation. COUP-TFI continues to be expressed in the adult CNS as well, however its role in adulthood remains largely unknown. In our lab we are exploring its expression and function in the two main neurogenic regions of the adult brain, namely the subventricular zone-olfactory bulb (SVZ-OB) system and the hippocampal dentate gyrus. I will discuss results from our lab supporting a role for COUP-TFI in the maintenance of the dopaminergic phenotype of adult born OB interneurons and I’ll present some unpublished data indicating COUP-TFI function in the control of neurogenic vs astrogliogenic potential of adult hippocampal neural stem cells.