OxTalks will soon move to the new Halo platform and will become 'Oxford Events.' There will be a need for an OxTalks freeze. This was previously planned for Friday 14th November – a new date will be shared as soon as it is available (full details will be available on the Staff Gateway).
In the meantime, the OxTalks site will remain active and events will continue to be published.
If staff have any questions about the Oxford Events launch, please contact halo@digital.ox.ac.uk
Estimating the value of alternative options is a key process in decision making. fMRI studies have identified a brain system, with the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) as a central component. Here, we examined the properties of this brain valuation system using a different recording technique, intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG), which offers direct access to the electrophysiological activity supposed to underpin hemodynamic responses, with much better temporal resolution. We recorded iEEG signals in 36 epileptic patients while they performed judgment tasks that involved rating different kinds of items (food, face, painting) and different features (age, likeability). We identified several brain regions in which High-gamma activity (50-150 Hz) positively correlated with likeability ratings, including not only the vmPFC but also the lateral orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC) and the hippocampus. Focusing on these three regions, we characterized the dynamics of value coding across time and frequency bands. Then we investigated their functional properties of valuation in the high frequency bands. All properties derived from fMRI results were replicated in the vmPFC: likeability ratings could be decoded in pre-stimulus activity (anticipation of value judgment), for both food and non-food items (generality), during both explicit and distractive tasks (automaticity), with both linear and quadratic functions (aggregation of value and confidence). Overall, our findings provide a bridge between two literatures on the neural underpinnings of subjective values: one based on electrophysiological studies in non-human primates and one based on fMRI studies in humans.