While the U.S. military possessed an early advantage in the technologies critical to information-age warfare, primacy in AI, likely integral in future warfare, could remain contested between the U.S. and China. The Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) anticipates that the advent of AI could fundamentally change the character of warfare, resulting in a transformation from today’s “informatized” ways of warfare to future “intelligentized” warfare, in which AI will be critical to military power. As the PLA competes with the U.S. military to leverage AI to enhance its future capabilities, the introduction of AI into military systems raises concerns of an “AI arms race” that could exacerbate challenges of crisis management and even risks to strategic stability.