In the past decades, India and other emerging developing economies have been playing a growing role in global development, mostly through what is known as South-South Cooperation (SSC). This presentation explores some of the ways accountability has been understood, disputed and negotiated within India in the context of country’s growing development cooperation role. Looking at accountability politics in the context of India’s SSC can reveal ongoing disputes over India’s international identity as both a ‘Southern/developing country’ as well as a ‘rising power’. It also reveals domestic disputes over foreign policymaking and over the very idea of development within India.