While the Earth has, on average, warmed by nearly one degree Celsius since the end of the 19th Century, the Arctic has warmed by almost as much over the past decade alone. In this talk, I will review recent developments in Arctic climate change research, including insights from my own long-term work on tundra plant communities and iconic “Ice Age” species such as caribou and muskoxen, and the implications such insights pose for changes we might expect as the Earth continues to inch toward a two degree warmer future.