We have evidence that the anti-tumour T cell response can, under certain circumstances, drive structural alterations to the tumour microenvironment (TME) which serve to amplify the immune response leading to tumour destruction. Data will be presented which indicates that changes to the TME are widespread and are characterized by the development of specialised blood vessels named high endothelial venules (HEV), re-organization of lymphatic vessels and loss of extracellular matrix (ECM). How these individual features interact and synergise to create conditions favouring immune-mediated cancer destruction will be discussed along with the pivotal role played by antigen-specific T cells.