Momentum within the current energy system is towards decentralisation, decarbonisation and digitalisation (D3) and this requires a more flexible system operation. Together this is having an impact on market design, network regulation, regulatory mechanisms (ie a move to more performance based outcomes), business models, retail offerings and customer propositions. Whereas in the conventional energy system the links between, for example, market design and network regulation were fairly minimal, there is now an increasing integration between all these rules and values – leading to business plans based on stacked revenues rather than one basic source of revenue. This has implications across the board for innovation and this presentation will discuss this topic.