Recent geopolitical challenges provide a challenging backdrop as countries meet in Egypt mid-November 2022 for the annual UN climate change conference. A critical issue that will define the negotiations is the Just Transition – deciding how countries can transition to low-carbon and climate-resilient societies in a just manner. African countries find themselves at the heart of the debate as they try to balance rapid economic transformation and ambitious climate action. How, then, can Africa realise the Just Transition?